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POF Process of Popularization of Plastic Optical Fiber Knowledge

Update:15-07-2021
Summary:

Plastic Optical Fiber (POF) has a history of more than […]

Plastic Optical Fiber (POF) has a history of more than 30 years of development. It was successfully used for lighting at first, and then it has also been maturely applied in automotive, medical and industrial control. The most recent years have been in broadband communications. Sudden progress has also been made in the application of the network.
POF history:
The earliest plastic optical fiber was the polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) stepped plastic optical fiber (SI POF) developed by Du Pont in the United States in 1968, with a loss of about 1000dB/km.
In the 1970s, Japan's NTT Company and Mitsubishi Rayon Company (Rayon) were committed to reducing the loss of plastic optical fibers based on DuPont's drawing technology.
In 1976, Y. Ohtsuka et al. photocopolymerized two monomers with different reactivity and refractive index to form a preform, which was drawn into a graded plastic optical fiber with a loss of 4 to 5 dB/m.
In 1983, the loss of Rayon's PMMA plastic optical fiber at 570nm wavelength was reduced to 110dB/km, and the loss of NTT's fully deuterated PMMA (PMMA-d8) plastic optical fiber at 650nm wavelength was reduced to 20dB/km [8,11]. The early plastic optical fibers were all large numerical aperture step-type plastic optical fibers, due to large dispersion;
In 1986, Japan F Fujitsu developed the SI type heat-resistant POF with PC as the core material. The heat-resistant temperature can reach 135 degrees Celsius, and the attenuation can reach 450dB/km;
In 1990, Assistant Professor Koike of Keio University in Japan successfully developed a graded refractive index plastic optical fiber, the core material is fluorine-containing PMMA, the cladding is fluorine-containing, and the interface gel technology is used. The plastic optical fiber attenuation is below 60db/km, the light source is 650-1300nm, the 100m bandwidth is 3GHz, and the transmission rate is 10Gb/s. It exceeds the GI-type quartz fiber and is widely regarded as a new optical communication medium for fiber to the home in the high-speed multimedia era;
In 1992, Y. Koike and others invented the Interfacial-gel Polymerization technology for manufacturing graded plastic optical fibers, which significantly reduced the loss of graded plastic optical fibers. The loss of PMMA graded plastic optical fibers at 688nm wavelength was reduced to 56dB/km. Rayon company has started sample production of EskaGIGA graded plastic optical fiber, but its thermal stability and lifespan issues have not been solved yet, and it is currently under further development.
In 1992, Boston Optical Fiber Co., Ltd. (BOF Inc.) was established in the United States to commercialize graded plastic optical fibers. The U.S. government is also aware of the strategic significance of plastic optical fiber to the military and industry, and entrusted Parkard Hughes Interconnect, Boeing, Honywell, and BOF to establish the High Speed ​​Plastic Network Consortium (HSPN) in 1992. The goal is to develop graded plastic optical fibers. Technology. After three years of hard work, the consortium has been able to provide commercial graded plastic optical fibers for the aviation, automotive and data communication markets. BOF took the lead in proposing a patent for graded plastic optical fibers. Based on the technology and experience of the consortium, the first industrial standard for graded plastic optical fiber was passed in May 1997. Since then, the consortium has cooperated with the US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency to carry out the Optical Micro Network (OMNET) project, spending 60 million US dollars to develop fluoride graded plastic optical fiber and central office switching system. The transmission performance of fluoride plastic optical fiber is no less than that of quartz optical fiber, and it has the advantages of low cost and easy use of plastic optical fiber.
In 1995, Rayon's EskaMEGA small numerical aperture step plastic optical fiber extended the bandwidth to 210MHz. 100m, suitable for ATM. 155Mbps passed by the forum in May 1997. 50m plastic optical fiber communication standard. 210MHz. The bandwidth of 100m is close to the bandwidth limit of the step-type plastic optical fiber.
The development of broadband graded (GI) plastic optical fiber has opened up broad application prospects for plastic optical fiber in broadband communication networks.
In 1996, people suggested to build a very low-cost user network ATM physical layer based on plastic optical fiber; in 1997, Japan's NEC Corporation conducted 155Mbit/s ATM and LAN tests.
At the OFC conference in 2000, ASAHI GLASS of Japan reported that the attenuation coefficient of fluorinated gradient plastic optical fiber was 41dB/km at 850nm and 33dB/km at 1300nm, and the bandwidth had reached 100mhz/km. With this fiber, a 50m, 2.5Gbit/s high-speed transmission test and a 70°C long-term thermal aging test have been successfully carried out. The experimental conclusion is that the fluorinated gradient plastic optical fiber can fully meet the requirements of short-distance communication.
Compared with other transmission media, plastic optical fiber has its irreplaceable material advantages in the application of some special environments, so it has also been actively developed by many countries and organizations in the world. So far, plastic optical fiber has embarked on the application road of communication transmission in a true sense.

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